What is the standard XLR pinout?

The standard XLR pinout is: Pin 1 = Ground/Shield, Pin 2 = Hot (positive), Pin 3 = Cold (negative). This follows the AES and IEC standard. Some older European equipment reversed pins 2 and 3.

What is the difference between TS and TRS?

TS (Tip-Sleeve) has two conductors and carries one unbalanced signal. TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve) has three conductors and can carry either a balanced mono signal or an unbalanced stereo signal. The same 6.35mm jack is used for both.

Can I use a guitar cable for speakers?

No. Guitar cables are shielded signal cables designed for high-impedance, low-current signals. Speaker cables need to carry significant current and use heavier gauge conductors. Using a guitar cable for speakers can cause overheating, signal loss and potential damage.

Why are Speakon connectors preferred for PA?

Speakon connectors lock in place (no accidental disconnection), can handle high current (40A), have no exposed contacts (safety), and are designed specifically for speaker connections. They have largely replaced 6.35mm jacks in professional PA.

AudioCalcs

Connector Calculator — Audio Pinouts & Wiring Guide

Reference guide for audio connector pinouts, wiring and signal levels.

Connector TypeChoose the connector to view its pinout, whether it carries a balanced signal, typical signal level and characteristic impedance.

How We Calculate This

This tool is a quick reference for audio and AV connector types, their pinout configurations, signal levels and common applications.

Selecting a connector type displays its pin assignments, whether it carries a balanced signal, the typical signal level or current rating, and its characteristic impedance.

Pinouts follow the published standards: XLR-3 uses the AES14-1992 / IEC 61076-2-103 convention (Pin 1 ground, Pin 2 hot, Pin 3 cold); the 5-pin XLR carries DMX512 over RS-485 (120Ω nominal per ANSI E1.27-1); AES3/AES-EBU digital audio uses 110Ω balanced; and the 3.5mm TRRS headset pinout follows the CTIA/AHJ standard (mic on the sleeve).

Always check equipment manuals for specific wiring requirements, as some older equipment reverses pins 2 and 3 on XLR, and DMX wiring can vary between manufacturers.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates based on standard formulas. Always verify results for critical applications.